Anca Parghel (September 16, 1957 – December 5, 2008) was a Romanian jazz singer, composer, arranger, pianist, choir conductor, and music teacher. As a jazz vocalist, she excelled in scat, vocal percussion, and improvisation. Her voice had a four octave range, this being one of the reasons she was compared to Yma Sumac in the Romanian music press. She had an exceptional ability to interpret songs in English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, or Portuguese.

Born in Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Suceava County, Communist Romania, to a poor family, she began singing at the age of three and performed onstage as a prodigy child. She also sang in the local church choir. She left home at age 14 to enroll at the Music High School in Iași. Anca Parghel attended the Iași Music Conservatory, from which she graduated in 1981, having as primary instrument piano, and secondary bel canto. However, since jazz was not exactly popular nor officially encouraged in this part of the world living behind the Iron Curtain, she studied jazz on her own from tapes and vinyl albums that were hard to find. At the age of 18, she married painter Virgiliu Parghel (divorced 2001), with whom she had two sons, Ciprian and Tudor, who became jazz musicians themselves.

She was a gifted jazz pianist and frequently played one-woman shows where she accompanied herself in the crooner's tradition. She composed her own jazz songs, including original poetical lyrics as in the Primal Sound album, and frequently arranged music for Big Band orchestras, frequently performing with the Romanian Big Band conducted by Ionel Tudor in Bucharest. She toured extensively in Europe, mostly playing in local jazz clubs in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, Austria and Switzerland.

She performed in Canada, most notably at the Rimouski Jazz Festival 2003 where she preceded and eclipsed famed French singer Anne Ducros (cf. Rimouski local press, in early September 2003 reporting on Rimouski Festi Jazz), and sporadically in the United States (2003–2006). She performed on-stage and recorded with well-known jazz performers such as Aldo Romano, Archie Shepp, Billy Hart, Bruno Castellucci, Charles Loos, Claudio Roditi, Decebal Badila, Eric Legnini, Felix Simtaine, Gustavo Bergalli, Hein van de Geyn, Ivan Paduart, Jean-Louis Rassinfosse, John Dankworth, John Engels, John Ruocco, Jon Hendricks, Klaus Ignatzek, Larry Coryell, Marc Levine, Mark Griffith, Mircea Tiberian, Norma Winstone, Paolo Radoni, Peter Herbolzheimer, Peter Hertmans, Philip Catherine, Pierre Vaiana, Pierre Van Dormael, Riccardo Del Fra, Rob Radna, Ron Van Rossum, Stéphane Galland, Theo de Jong, Tomasz Stanko, and the Romanian Radio Big-Band.

She made unannounced late night appearances at jazz clubs in New York City, where she played with the local bands led either by Pat Higgins at the Lennox Lounge, St. Nick's Pub or by Manny Duran at Cleopatra's Needle. Her concert in Danville, Virginia, at the North Theater on November 10, 2006, was played to an enchanted full house and created a local sensation (cf. Danville, Virginia press).

Anca Parghel recorded an electro-pop album in 2007, and submitted the tune Brasil to National Selection Contest 2008 for Eurovision. The song was not selected, but Brasil gained commercial success in Romania and in Europe.

Anca Parghel died in Timișoara from late complications of breast cancer. She appeared on stage one month prior to her passing. She was buried on the Artists' Alley at Bellu Cemetery in Bucharest, not far from Romanian artists Maria Tănase, Florian Pittiș, and Adrian Pintea.