liner notes, restoration [restored], remastered by, edited by, artwork [cover art], photography Mike Hovancsek
producer [original production] Halim El-Dabh
research [additional] David Badagnani
Historic early recordings from an electronic music pioneer.

All pieces on this CD were recorded in 1959 at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center with the following exceptions:
• Track 3 was recorded in 1944 in the Middle East Radio Station of Cairo.
• Track 9 is an excerpt from a piece that Halim recorded by walking around San Marco Basilica in Venice in 1961 with a reel-to-reel tape recorder. If you listen closely you can hear his little daughter cry out Halim! near the end of this excerpt.
• Track 6 is an excerpt of a piece that was recorded in a New York art gallery circa 1974. This piece is a combination of manipulated audiotape and sound sculpture.

All material © Halim El-Dabh 1944-2000.
Special thanks to David Badagnani for research and proofreading assistance.
Thanks to Denise Seachrist for additional information and for allowing us to quote her work in the liner notes.

Matrix / Runout: ATX001-23GM